Language Rehabilitation in Chronic Post-Stroke Aphasia: a Neuroscientific Perspective
Keywords:
aphasia, stroke, neurorehabilitation, neurolinguistics, constraint-induced aphasia therapy
Abstract
This review focuses on language deficits in post-stroke aphasia, their rehabilitation and potential new developments based on current knowledge of human brain function. Language impairments in post-stroke aphasia often become chronic and cause significant communicative difficulties for patients. Though standard rehabilitation methods provide some language improvements, they are usually moderate and often decay over a period of time. These traditional rehabilitation approaches are usually based on existing conventions formed through decades of clinical practice; whilst valuable, they are not often rooted in up-to-date neuroscientific knowledge. In recent decades, human neuroscience has developed at a very high speed, not least due to the advent of non-invasive brain imaging techniques. Currently, it has reached the stage where neuroscientific knowledge can inform clinical practice, and help upgrade the traditional approaches using modern neuroscience tools. Furthermore, traditional practices typically apply the same routines to different patients, even though the nature of the individual deficit – and hence the care needed – are never the same. For instance, aphasic patients demonstrate a massive variety of improvement patterns during natural language recovery. This might be caused by individual differences in the functioning of language neural networks and their dynamics after stroke. Although the problem of individual variability in aphasia is well-known, there is still no comprehensive understanding of all factors that impact this variability. As we highlight in this review, the issue is of high importance for planning language therapy on individual basis. We also analyze neuroscientific underpinnings and clinical efficiency of a language therapy, which is widely used for chronic aphasia rehabilitation – constraint-induced aphasia therapy.
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References
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2. Ardila, A. (2014). Aphasia handbook. Miami, FL: Florida International University.
3. Basso, A., Gardelli, M., Grassi, M. P., & Mariotti, M. (1989). The role of the right hemisphere in recovery from aphasia. Two case studies. Cortex, 25(4), 555-566.
4. Blank, S. C., Bird, H., Turkheimer, F., & Wise, R. J. (2003). Speech production after stroke: the role of the right pars opercularis. Annals of Neurology, 54(3), 310-320.
5. Braun, C., Schweizer, R., Elbert, T., Birbaumer, N., & Taub, E. (2000). Differential activation in somatosensory cortex for different discrimination tasks. Journal of Neuroscience, 20(1), 446-450.
6. Carmichael, S. T. (2006). Cellular and molecular mechanisms of neural repair after stroke: making waves. Annals of Neurology, 59(5), 735-742.
7. Cramer, S. C. (2008). Repairing the human brain after stroke: I. Mechanisms of spontaneous recovery. Annals of Neurology, 63(3), 272-287.
8. Croteau, C., & Le Dorze, G. (2006). Overprotection, “speaking for”, and conversational participation: A study of couples with aphasia. Aphasiology, 20(02-04), 327-336.
9. Davis, G. A. (2005). PACE revisited. Aphasiology, 19(1), 21-38.
10. Elbert, T., Flor, H., Birbaumer, N., Knecht, S., Hampson, S., & Larbig, W. (1994). Extensive reorganization of the somatosensory cortex in adult humans after nervous system injury. Neuroreport, 5(18), 2593-2597.
11. Hamilton, R. H., Chrysikou, E. G., & Coslett, B. (2011). Mechanisms of aphasia recovery after stroke and the role of noninvasive brain stimulation. Brain and Language, 118(1-2), 40-50.
12. Hickok, G., & Poeppel, D. (2007).The cortical organization of speech processing. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 8(5), 393.
13. Hillis, A. E., Kleinman, J. T., Newhart, M., Heidler-Gary, J., Gottesman, R., Barker, P. B., ... Chaudhry, P. (2006). Restoring cerebral blood flow reveals neural regions critical for naming. Journal of Neuroscience, 26(31), 8069-8073.
14. Jenkins, W. M., Merzenich, M. M., Ochs, M. T., Allard, T., & Guic-Robles, E. (1990). Functional reorganization of primary somatosensory cortex in adult owl monkeys after behaviorally controlled tactile stimulation. Journal of Neurophysiology, 63(1), 82-104.
15. Kiran, S. (2012). What is the nature of post-stroke language recovery and reorganization? ISRN Neurology, 2012, 786872. https://doi.org/10.5402/2012/786872
16. Komitova, M., Johansson, B. B., & Eriksson, P. S. (2006). On neural plasticity, new neurons and the post-ischemic milieu: an integrated view on experimental rehabilitation. Experimental Neurology, 199(1), 42-55.
17. Levine, D. N., & Mohr, J. P. (1979). Language after bilateral cerebral infarctions Role of the minor hemisphere in speech. Neurology, 29(7), 927-927.
18. Maher, L. M., Kendall, D., Swearengin, J. A., Rodriguez, A., Leon, S. A., Pingel, K., ... Rothi, L. J. G. (2006). A pilot study of use-dependent learning in the context of constraint induced language therapy. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, 12(6), 843-852.
19. Martin, P. I., Naeser, M. A., Theoret, H., Tormos, J. M., Nicholas, M., Kurland.J., ... Pascual-Leone, A. (2004). Transcranial magnetic stimulation as a complementary treatment for aphasia. Seminars in Speech and Language, 25(2), 181-191.
20. Meinzer, M., Djundja, D., Barthel, G., Elbert, T., & Rockstroh, B. (2005). Long-term stability of improved language functions in chronic aphasia after constraint-induced aphasia therapy. Stroke, 6(7), 1462-1466.
21. Meinzer, M., Flaisch, T., Breitenstein, C., Wienbruch, C., Elbert, T., & Rockstroh, B. (2008). Functional re-recruitment of dysfunctional brain areas predicts language recovery in chronic aphasia. NeuroImage, 39(4), 2038-2046.
22. Meinzer, M., Rodriguez, A. D., & Rothi, L. J. G. (2012). First decade of research on constrainedinduced treatment approaches for aphasia rehabilitation. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 93(1), S35-S45.
23. Musso, M., Weiller, C., Kiebel, S., Müller, S. P., Bülau, P., & Rijntjes, M. (1999). Training-induced brain plasticity in aphasia. Brain, 122(9), 1781-1790.
24. Olsen, T. S., Larsen, B., Herning, M., Skriver, E. B., & Lassen, N. A. (1983). Blood flow and vascular reactivity in collaterally perfused brain tissue. Evidence of an ischemic penumbra in patients with acute stroke. Stroke, 14(3), 332-341.
25. Pedersen, P. M., Vinter, K., & Olsen, T. S. (2004). Aphasia after stroke: type, severity and prognosis. Cerebrovascular Diseases, 17(1), 35-43.
26. Pulvermüller, F., Hauk, O., Zohsel, K., Neininger, B., & Mohr, B. (2005). Therapy-related reorganization of language in both hemispheres of patients with chronic aphasia. NeuroImage, 28(2), 481-489.
27. Pulvermüller, F., Neininger, B., Elbert, T., Mohr, B., Rockstroh, B., Koebbel, P., & Taub, E. (2001). Constraint-induced therapy of chronic aphasia after stroke. Stroke, 32(7), 1621-1626.
28. Recanzone, G. H., Merzenich, M. M., Jenkins, W. M., Grajski, K. A., & Dinse, H. R. (1992). Topographic reorganization of the hand representation in cortical area 3b owl monkeys trained in a frequency-discrimination task. Journal of Neurophysiology, 67(5), 1031-1056.
29. Richter, M., Miltner, W. H., & Straube, T. (2008). Association between therapy outcome and righthemispheric activation in chronic aphasia. Brain, 131(5), 1391-1401.
30. Saur, D., Lange, R., Baumgaertner, A., Schraknepper, V., Willmes, K., Rijntjes, M., & Weiller, C. (2006). Dynamics of language reorganization after stroke. Brain, 129(6), 1371-1384.
31. Shah, P., Szaflarski, J. P., Allendorfer, J. B., & Hamilton, R. (2013). Induction of neuroplasticity and recovery in post-stroke aphasia by non-invasive brain stimulation. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 7, 888.
32. Szaflarski, J. P., Allendorfer, J. B., Banks, C., Vannest, J., & Holland, S. K. (2013). Recovered vs. notrecovered from post-stroke aphasia: the contributions from the dominant and non-dominant hemispheres. Restorative Neurology and Neuroscience, 31(4), 347-360.
33. Taub, E. (1994). Overcoming learned nonuse a new approach to treatment in physical medicine. In J.G. Carlson, A. R. Seifert, & N. Birbaumer (Eds.), Clinical applied psychophysiology (pp. 185-220). Boston, MA: Springer.
34. Taub, E., Uswatte, G., & Mark, V. W. (2014).The functional significance of cortical reorganization and the parallel development of CI therapy. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 8, 396.
35. Thiel, A., Habedank, B., Herholz, K., Kessler, J., Winhuisen, L., Haupt, W. F., & Heiss, W. D. (2006). From the left to the right: How the brain compensates progressive loss of language function. Brain and Language, 98(1), 57-65.
36. Turkeltaub, P. E., Coslett, H. B., Thomas, A. L., Faseyitan, O., Benson, J., Norise, C., & Hamilton, R. H. (2012). The right hemisphere is not unitary in its role in aphasia recovery. Cortex, 48(9), 1179-1186.
37. Turkeltaub, P. E., Messing, S., Norise, C., & Hamilton, R. H. (2011). Are networks for residual language function and recovery consistent across aphasic patients? Neurology, 76(20), 1726-1734.
38. Van Praag, H., Kempermann, G., & Gage, F. H. (2000). Neural consequences of enviromental enrichment. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 1(3), 191.
39. Von Monakow, C. (1906). Aphasie und diaschisis. Neurol. Zbl., 25/22. Leipzig: Veit & Comp.
40. Winhuisen, L., Thiel, A., Schumacher, B., Kessler, J., Rudolf, J., Haupt, W. F., & Heiss, W. D. (2005). Role of the contralateral inferior frontal gyrus in recovery of language function in poststroke aphasia: a combined repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation and positron emission tomography study. Stroke, 36(8), 1759-1763.
Published
2018-11-05
How to Cite
УлановМ. А., СтрогановаТ. А., & ШтыровЮ. Ю. (2018). Language Rehabilitation in Chronic Post-Stroke Aphasia: a Neuroscientific Perspective. Psychology. Journal of the Higher School of Economics, 15(2), 232-245. https://doi.org/10.17323/1813-8918-2018-2-232-245
Issue
Section
Neurocognitive Aspects of Language Function and Use
